The Hindu Editorial Analysis
11 March 2025
An Equitable Future for Women in Science in India
(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 8)
Topic: GS 1: Women Empowerment
Context
- Scientific Advancement: India is making strides in science and technology, but must include women to truly progress.
Challenges Women Face in Science
- Early Barriers: Limited access to quality education and societal norms deter girls from pursuing STEM.
- Cultural Expectations: Women often face pressure to prioritize family over professional ambitions, hindering career growth.
- Gender Stereotypes: Hiring, promotions, and funding opportunities are often influenced by bias against women.
- Hostile Environments: Harassment and discrimination contribute to high dropout rates among women in academic settings.
Insights from Global Trends
- Higher Attrition Rates: A study of STEM scientists reveals non-inclusive workplaces and personal challenges lead to women leaving the field at higher rates.
- Career Progression: Familial responsibilities, low confidence, and lack of role models limit opportunities for women.
- Value of Diversity: More women in science leads to enhanced creativity and innovation, benefiting everyone.
Historical Context and Ongoing Inequities
- Matilda Effect: Women’s contributions are often overlooked compared to male counterparts.
- Persistent Gaps: Two centuries later, gender inequity in STEM remains prevalent.
- “Leaky Pipeline” Metaphor: Describes how women exit the field due to bias and lack of support.
Survey Findings in India
- Representation Issues: A 2020-21 survey revealed women constituted only 17% of faculty across 98 institutions, with lower representation in senior roles.
- Event Participation: Women are under-represented in conferences and professional development activities.
Recommendations for Improvement
- Policy Changes: Necessitate new inclusive practices involving policymakers and institutions.
- Early Interventions: Engage parents and educators early to encourage girls in STEM.
- Key Actions:
- Flexible Work Options: Implementing affordable childcare and flexible schedules.
- Public Recognition: Celebrating women’s successes helps combat stereotypes.
- Support Structures: Remove age caps on grants, foster mentorship, and assist career re-entry after breaks.
Government Initiatives
- GATI Pilot: Launched by the Department of Science and Technology to promote gender advancement in STEM.
- Women in Science Programs: Initiatives like WISE-KIRAN and the Women Scientists Scheme support women in research.
- Returning Scientists: The BioCARe program assists women returning from career breaks in the biotechnology sector.
- Medical Research Efforts: The Indian Council of Medical Research focuses on women’s health and training opportunities.
Conclusion
- Call for Inclusion: The full inclusion of women in India’s scientific journey is essential not just for fairness, but as a model of progress that can inspire the world.